Common Illnesses and Diseases While Travelling and Backpacking  

 

Onchocerciasis (River Blindness)

Onchocerciasis is caused by the pre-larval (microfilaria) and adult stages of the nematode Onchocerca volvulus The disease is transmitted by the bite of female Simulium flies (black flies) that bite by day and are found near rapidly flowing rivers and streams.

Occurrence: Onchocerciasis is endemic in more than 25 countries located in a broad band across the central part of Africa. Small endemic foci are also present in the Arabian peninsula (Yemen) and in South and Central America (Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guatemala, southern Mexico, and Venezuela

Manifestations:Symptoms are
• Dermatitis
• Subcutaneous nodules
• Lymphadenitis
• Visual impairment, including blindness.

Diagnosis and treatment: The organism is demonstrated in microscope.Treatment is available.

Prevent Onchocerciasis by:
• Avoid mosquito bites
• Avoid mosquito bites by remaining in air-conditioned areas.
• Use mosquito repellents on skin and clothing,
• Bring aerosol insecticides to use indoors
• Use bed nets


 

 

The contents above, from www.best-backpackers-insurance.co.uk is for information purposes only and cannot substitute for professional health care or any other medical treatment. All users of this website with any health problems should always consult their medical doctor or go directly to a hospital or clinic in their destination before starting any treatment.